Automated testing - RobotFramework

Automated testing - RobotFramework framework

brief introduction

Is a general open source automation framework for acceptance testing, acceptance test driven development (ATDD) and robotic process automation (RPA). It has an easy-to-use table test data syntax and uses a keyword driven test method. Its test function can be extended through the test library implemented in Python or Java. Users can use the same syntax as creating test cases to create new higher-level keywords from existing keywords [keyword driven]

Update Log

- 15 Oct 2021  v4.1.2
- 08 Sep 2021  v4.1.1
- 19 Jul 2021  v4.1
- 25 May 2021  v4.0.3
- 11 May 2021  v4.0.2
- 09 Apr 2021  v4.0.1
- 11 Mar 2021  v4.0
- 02 Sep 2020  v3.2.2
- 30 Jul 2020  v3.2.1
.......

Framework comparison - Github (ecosystem / framework popularity / framework update frequency, etc.)

# RobotFramework

# Httprunner

# Jmeter

Frame comparison - function

frame	Latest version	development language	Support language	Continuous integration	Development difficulty	performance testing	Data separation	Promotion threshold	Other features
Robot Framework	4.1.2	python	python/java	yes	high	I won't support it	support	low	The built-in wx GUI can support interface or command operation and web UI automation selenium library
HttpRunner	3.1.6	python	python	yes	in	support	support	high	Scripted, complete and easy to read report output
Jmeter	5.4.1	java	java	yes	high	support	support	low	More inclined to interface performance; It is difficult to maintain and manage use cases for functional testing

Robot Framework - modular architecture

Robot Framework - source code structure

Robot framework environment installation

Because python2.7 has stopped updating and is no longer under maintenance, most relevant open source projects and libraries no longer support python2.x, so Python 3.6 + robot framework 3.2.2 is used to build the environment here

Start:

pip install -r requirements.txt

requirements.txt

requests
robotframework==3.2.2
Pypubsub==3.3.0
wxPython==4.0.3
robotframework-ride
robotframework-requests

Robot framework common library

Standard library

Builtin: contains frequently needed keywords. No import required
Dialogs: provides a way to pause test execution and input from the user.
Collections: provides a set of keyword processing Python lists and dictionaries.
Other OperatingSystem, Remote, String, Telnet

expanded memory bank

Android library: all test libraries required for android automation. Calabash Android is used internally
iOS library: all test libraries required for iOS automation. Calabash iOS service is used internally
appium Library: Android and iOS test libraries. appium is used internally
HTTP library (Requests): a library for HTTP testing that uses the request tool internally
Selenium 2 Library: Web test library using selenium 2
Other

Common keywords of Robot framework

Set Variable creates a string variable (BuiltIn Library)
Create Dictionary create dictionary variable (BuiltIn Library)
Create List variable (BuiltIn Library)
Get Length get the length of the list (BuiltIn Library)
Should Be Equal As Strings assertion strings (BuiltIn Library)
should match (BuiltIn Library)
Log printing (BuiltIn Library)

Common library documents

Robot framework custom keywords

# Custom library: naming rules: the file name must be consistent with the class name  
# User defined keyword: it complies with pep8 specification and can be called by keyword. The underscore can be omitted, such as HTTP_ get   -> case : http get

> simple: Customize a keyword: http get

import requests
def http_get(url, data):
    """
    http get Get specified url Content and compare with the expected results
    :param url:
    :param data Expected results
    """
    response = requests.get(url=url)
    if response.status_code == 200:
        if response.text == data:
            print('The results are the same')
        else:
            raise Exception('Different results, original data:%s  Validation data:%s' % (response.text, data))
    else:
        raise Exception('request was aborted code: %s Details:%s' % (response.status_code, url))

Use case writing

# There are two ways to write use cases
1.Built in frame GUI Editor writing Ride (Use the same feeling jemter)
2.Editor writing Pycharm/Idea    (rf The government provides a variety of support plug-ins plugs: Robot Framework support/Run Robot Framework TestCase Etc.)


# It is recommended to use the editor to write use cases (faster and more convenient)

Use case writing - > editor

*** Settings ***
Library           ../../rf/content_keyword.py  # Custom library
Library           ../../rf/db_operate.py    # Custom library
Library           ../../rf/source_keyword.py    # Custom library

# Use case set description
Documentation   xxx channel-Order splitting logic check

# Data cleaning
Suite Setup        CLEAR FILES    # clear

*** Variables ***

*** Test Cases ***
# xx channel order splitting logic check
# 1. Order splitting - inventory meets the scenario
# 2. Order lot number setting check
# 3. Order splitting - receipt write check
# 4. Order status synchronization check
# xxx

Check order split-The inventory is satisfied
    [Documentation]    Check order split-The inventory meets the scenario
    #Custom variable    #keyword    #parameter
    ${headers}  Create Dictionary    Content-Type=application/json
    ${params}    Set Variable   id=1
    ${data}    Create Dictionary    url=${url}  params=${params}   headers=${headers}
    ${rlt}    HTTP GET   data=${data}
    ${expect}    Set Variable   {"code":"0000", "data":{"count":6}}  # The expected value format is consistent with the interface response format, and there can be fewer content fields
    validate    rlt=${rlt}    expect=${expect}  # The returned result is validated against the expected interface
    log to console      ${rlt}[data][data][0][suite_id]
    ${data1}    Extract    data=${rlt}      key=data  #Single layer data structure extraction
    log to console   ${data1}
    ${iteration}     Json Path    data=${rlt}    path=$.data.data[0].iteration  #Specify extraction: multi tier data structure extraction

Use case writing - > ride GUI

# ride operation

> ride.py Storage path:  \Python36-32\Scripts\ride.py
> * Command start python ride.py
> * .bat Script startup python ride.py

# ride shortcut key
> - **F5** View keywords corresponding to dependent Libraries
> - **Ctrl + Alt + space** Complete the keywords and display the instructions for the corresponding keywords
> - other.... (If you are interested, you can find out,The above shortcut keys are helpful in case writing)