Using nginx as front-end server

introduce

Nginx is a lightweight and high-performance Web server / reverse proxy server and email (IMAP/POP3) proxy server, characterized by less memory and strong concurrency

install

Because the dependency libraries of g + +, gcc, OpenSSL devel, PCRE devel and zlib devel are needed during the installation of nginx

So install the required dependency library first

1) Installation dependency

yum install gcc-c++
yum install pcre pcre-devel
yum install zlib zlib-devel
yum install openssl openssl--devel

2) Download nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz

3) Unzip

Decompress: tar - zxf nginx-1.15.5 tar.gz

Create a nginx-1.15.5 directory and enter the nginx-1.15.5 directory

4) Compile and install

compile:

    . / configure ා the default installation directory is / usr/local

    If you want to specify the installation directory, add -- prefix = specify directory

install

    make

    make install

5) Start

Find our installation directory. If it is the default directory, it is / usr/local/nginx. If there is sbin/nginx in the nginx directory, it is the startup file of nginx. Execute under nginx

Start:
    ./sbin/nginx
 stop it:
    ./sbin/nginx -s stop
 Restart:
    ./sbin/nginx -s reload

6) Some compiling options are given, which can be selected but not used in general

--prefix=path defines a directory to store the files on the server, that is, the installation directory of nginx. Use / usr/local / by default;
--with-pcre=/pcre-8.37 set the source path of PCRE library. The source code of PCRE library needs to be downloaded from PCRE website and decompressed.
--With zlib = / zlib-1.2.8 set the source path of zlib library. To download from zlib and unzip.
--with-openssl=/openssl-1.0.1t

--without-http_gzip_module does not compile the response module of the compressed HTTP server. zlib is required to compile and run this module;
--without-http_rewrite_module does not compile rewrite modules. PCRE library is needed to compile and run this module;
--without-http_proxy_module does not compile http_proxy module;
--with-http_ssl_module uses https protocol module. By default, the module is not built. It is necessary to build and run the OpenSSL Library of this module;

7) Post three links to avoid looking for them later

pcre:  http://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre http://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.37.tar.gz 
zlib:  http://www.zlib.net/fossils/ http://www.zlib.net/fossils/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz 
openssl:  https://ftp.openssl.org/source http://distfiles.macports.org/openssl/openssl-1.0.1k.tar.gz

8) Special circumstances

Our first step is to provide a compilation environment for the installation, and the operation of nginx does not depend on the library of step 1. If one day you have a server that cannot connect to the Internet and you need to install nginx, and there is no compilation environment required by nginx on it, our first idea at this time is to compile according to the above environment, but because of which As like as two peas, the nginx is a good example of nginx. In some cases, we can choose to build a library that is not easy to fix in offline mode. (except for one integrated package), in this case, we can choose to skip the compilation process and package the compiled nginx packages onto the non extranet server on another Internet device.

configuration file

The configuration file of nginx is in conf under the nginx directory/ nginx.conf

Default profile

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
}

server

One server listens to one port, and one nginx can open multiple ports

server {
        listen       80;    #Listening port
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {    #route
            root   html;    #root directory
            index  index.html index.htm;  #Follow the document
        }
        location /api { 
            rewrite ^/api/(.*)$ /$1 break;  #redirect
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; agent
        }
}

Project deployment

The html directory in the nginx directory is where we put static files, for example, we put official_ Put website under html

We just need to modify it nginx.conf The location of

location / {
            root html/official_website;
            index index.html index.htm;   
}

Common Linux commands

ls traverses files in the current directory
    -l traverse the files and directories in the current directory, and display the file details (excluding hidden files)
    -a traverse all current files and directories (including hidden files)
cd into a directory
 mkdir create a directory
 touch creates a file
 cat view the contents of a file
 rm delete
    -r directory can be deleted
    -f skip confirmation
 pwd get the path of the current directory
 scp file transfer
        -r upload multiple files or directories
    For example:
    File upload: scp file user@IP:path
    File download: scp user@IP:filePath path
 tar compression and decompression
    Unzip: tar -xf filePath.tar
    Compression: tar - CF filePath.tar  filePath
 Common text editor of vi/vim
        There are two common modes: edit mode and command line mode. After entering, the default mode is command line mode
    i: Enter edit mode
    esc: enter command line mode
    In command line mode:
    q: Exit
    w: Save
    !: forced