The properties that a profile can configure refer to:
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/appendix-application-properties.html
Principle of automatic configuration
1. When Spring Boot starts, the main configuration class is loaded, and the auto-configuration function is turned on: @EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration effect:
Import some components into the container using AutoConfiguration ImportSelector.
You can view the contents of the selectImports() method and the getAutoConfigurationEntry () method.The getAutoConfigurationEntry() method has the following section of code:
List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
Enter the getCandidateConfigurations() method to find the following section of code:
List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), getBeanClassLoader());
Entering the loadFactoryNames() method, you can find the following section of code:
Enumeration<URL> urls = (classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION) : ClassLoader.getSystemResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION));
Enter FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION, FACTORIES_can be foundRESOURCE_LOCATION is a final variable:
public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";
Thus, SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames() The purpose of the method is to scan META-INF/Spring.factoriesThrough the following loop statement
while (urls.hasMoreElements()) { URL url = urls.nextElement(); UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url); Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource); for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : properties.entrySet()) { String factoryTypeName = ((String) entry.getKey()).trim(); for (String factoryImplementationName : StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String) entry.getValue())) { result.add(factoryTypeName, factoryImplementationName.trim()); } } }
Wrap the contents of the scanned files into properties objects.
The following code found in the getCandidateConfigurations() method of the AutoConfigurationImportSelector class
List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), getBeanClassLoader());
Enter the getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass() method passed into the loadFactoryNames() method
protected Class<?> getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass() { return EnableAutoConfiguration.class; }
Get Ena from properties BleAutoConfiguration.classThe values for the class (class name) are then added to the container.
After understanding the above processes, find the project-dependent spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar Package, open META-INF/Spring.factoriesFile, you can see all Auto Configure s
# Auto Configure org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.LifecycleAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveElasticsearchRestClientAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jdbc.JdbcRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.r2dbc.R2dbcDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.r2dbc.R2dbcRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.r2dbc.R2dbcTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisReactiveAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRestClientAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.codec.CodecsAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.influx.InfluxDbAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jsonb.JsonbAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.availability.ApplicationAvailabilityAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoReactiveAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.quartz.QuartzAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.r2dbc.R2dbcAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketRequesterAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketServerAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketStrategiesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveSecurityAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveUserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.rsocket.RSocketSecurityAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.saml2.Saml2RelyingPartyAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.servlet.OAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.servlet.OAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskSchedulingAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client.RestTemplateAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.embedded.EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.HttpHandlerAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.ReactiveWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.WebFluxAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebFluxAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.ClientHttpConnectorAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.reactive.WebSocketReactiveAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketServletAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.client.WebServiceTemplateAutoConfiguration
Each xxxxxxAutoConfiguration class is a component of a container that is added to the container for automatic configuration.
2. Auto-configuration function for each auto-configuration class
Take HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration as an example to explain the principle of automatic configuration.
The HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration class has the following comments:
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) @EnableConfigurationProperties(ServerProperties.class) @ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = ConditionalOnWebApplication.Type.SERVLET) @ConditionalOnClass(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "server.servlet.encoding", value = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true) public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {}
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
Indicates that this is a configuration class that, like previously written configuration files, adds components to the container.
@EnableConfigurationProperties(ServerProperties.class)
Starts the Configuration Properties function for the specified class.
Enter the ServerProperties class to see the annotations it has:
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "server", ignoreUnknownFields = true) public class ServerProperties {}
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = server, ignoreUnknownFields = true) - Get the specified value from the configuration file and the properties of the bean to bind.All the properties that can be configured in a configuration file are encapsulated in the xxxProperties class, and what the configuration file can configure refers to this property class corresponding to a function.
Bind the corresponding values in the configuration file to HttpEncoding Properties and add HttpEncoding Properties to the ioc container.
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = ConditionalOnWebApplication.Type.SERVLET)
At the bottom of Spring, there is a @Conditional annotation to make the configuration in the entire configuration class take effect when the specified conditions are met.Literally, this comment determines whether the current application is a Web application and, if so, whether the current configuration class is in effect.
@ConditionalOnClass(CharacterEncodingFilter.class)
Determine if the current project has this class.
CharacterEncodingFilter: A scrambling filter in SpringMVC.
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "server.servlet.encoding", value = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
Determine whether there is a presence in the configuration fileServer.servlet.encoding.enabled This configuration.
It is known by matchIfMissing = true, and if it does not exist, the judgment is valid.Even if not configured in the configuration fileServer.servlet.encoding.enabled=true, which is also valid by default.
summary
An automatic configuration class is a configuration class that is determined to be valid based on different conditions.Once this configuration class is in effect, the configuration class adds components to the container whose properties are derived from the corresponding properties class, each of which is bound to the configuration file.
Here is a method in the HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration class
@Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() { CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter(); filter.setEncoding(this.properties.getCharset().name()); filter.setForceRequestEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Encoding.Type.REQUEST)); filter.setForceResponseEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Encoding.Type.RESPONSE)); return filter; }
@Bean
Add a component to the container.from
this.properties.getCharset().name() this.properties.shouldForce(Encoding.Type.REQUEST)
You know that some values for this component need to be obtained from properties.
HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration class has only one parametric constructor
public HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(ServerProperties properties) { this.properties = properties.getServlet().getEncoding(); }
The value of the parameter is taken from the container.
from
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "server.servlet.encoding", value = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
You know, you can pair in properties
server.servlet.encoding.enabled=true
from
private final Encoding properties;
and
public class Encoding { public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET; private Charset charset; private Boolean force; private Boolean forceRequest; private Boolean forceResponse; private Map<Locale, Charset> mapping; }
You know, you can pair in properties
server.servlet.encoding.charset=UTF-8 server.servlet.encoding.force=true
The configurable properties actually come from the properties class for this function
quintessence
1. Spring Boot startup loads a large number of auto-configuration classes;
2. See if the functions you need have Spring Boot auto-configuration classes written by default;
3. Look at which components are configured in this auto-configuration class. As long as there are components needed, there is no need to configure any more.
4. When you add components to an auto-configuration class in a container, you get some properties from the properties class, so you can specify their values in the configuration file.
xxxxAutoConfigurartion: Autoconfigure classes
Add Components to Containers
xxxxProperties
Encapsulate related properties in configuration file
Search for *AutoConfiguration in IDEA to see all the AutoConfiguration classes.xxxxProperties in @EnableConfiguration Properties lets you know exactly which properties can be configured in the properties file.