Today, when testing phoenix's secondary index function, the following exception occurred when the index was created to write data:

Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.RetriesExhaustedWithDetailsException: Failed 1 action: org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.builder.IndexBuildingFailureException: Failed to build index for unexpected reason!
        at org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.util.IndexManagementUtil.rethrowIndexingException(IndexManagementUtil.java:206)
        at org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.Indexer.preBatchMutate(Indexer.java:351)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.RegionCoprocessorHost$28.call(RegionCoprocessorHost.java:1010)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.RegionCoprocessorHost$28.call(RegionCoprocessorHost.java:1007)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.coprocessor.CoprocessorHost$ObserverOperationWithoutResult.callObserver(CoprocessorHost.java:540)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.coprocessor.CoprocessorHost.execOperation(CoprocessorHost.java:614)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.RegionCoprocessorHost.preBatchMutate(RegionCoprocessorHost.java:1007)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.HRegion$MutationBatchOperation.prepareMiniBatchOperations(HRegion.java:3487)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.HRegion.doMiniBatchMutate(HRegion.java:3896)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.HRegion.batchMutate(HRegion.java:3854)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.HRegion.batchMutate(HRegion.java:3785)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.RSRpcServices.doBatchOp(RSRpcServices.java:908)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.RSRpcServices.doNonAtomicBatchOp(RSRpcServices.java:836)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.RSRpcServices.doNonAtomicRegionMutation(RSRpcServices.java:799)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.RSRpcServices.multi(RSRpcServices.java:2551)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.shaded.protobuf.generated.ClientProtos$ClientService$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientProtos.java:42014)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ipc.RpcServer.call(RpcServer.java:413)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ipc.CallRunner.run(CallRunner.java:130)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ipc.RpcExecutor$Handler.run(RpcExecutor.java:324)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ipc.RpcExecutor$Handler.run(RpcExecutor.java:304)
Caused by: java.lang.VerifyError: class org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.covered.data.IndexMemStore$1 overrides final method compare.(Lorg/apache/hadoop/hbase/Cell;Lorg/apache/hadoop/hbase/Cell;)I
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)
        at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:467)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:73)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:368)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:362)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:361)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
        at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:335)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
        at org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.covered.data.IndexMemStore.<init>(IndexMemStore.java:82)
        at org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.covered.LocalTableState.<init>(LocalTableState.java:57)
        at org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.covered.NonTxIndexBuilder.getIndexUpdate(NonTxIndexBuilder.java:52)
        at org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.builder.IndexBuildManager.getIndexUpdate(IndexBuildManager.java:90)
        at org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.Indexer.preBatchMutateWithExceptions(Indexer.java:503)
        at org.apache.phoenix.hbase.index.Indexer.preBatchMutate(Indexer.java:348)

It can be seen from the exception information that VerifyError was encountered when loading the class when the IndexMemStore class was initialized. Specifically, it is trying to override a method marked final. First look for the code of this class:

public class IndexMemStore implements KeyValueStore {

  private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(IndexMemStore.class);
  private IndexKeyValueSkipListSet kvset;
  private CellComparator comparator;

  public IndexMemStore() {
    this(new CellComparatorImpl(){
        @Override
        public int compare(Cell a, Cell b) {
            return super.compare(a, b, true);
        }
    });
  }

It covers the compare method of CellComparatorImpl. In hbase common module, we use phoenix version 5.0.0 and hbase version 2.0.0. Find the code:

  @Override
  public int compare(Cell a, Cell b) {
    return compare(a, b, false);
  }

It can be seen that this method is not final. We are using CDH6.0.1, and the corresponding hbase is also version 2.0.0. It is different. Find the code:

  @Override
  public final int compare(final Cell a, final Cell b) {
    return compare(a, b, false);
  }

Actually, there is a final modifier, so you can check the modification history of this class in the community. It is found that the above changes were made in 2.0.1, corresponding to jira: HBASE-20620 , you can see the change record:

@@ -57,21 +64,17 @@ public class CellComparatorImpl implements CellComparator {
   public static final CellComparatorImpl META_COMPARATOR = new MetaCellComparator();
 
   @Override
-  public int compare(Cell a, Cell b) {
+  public final int compare(final Cell a, final Cell b) {
     return compare(a, b, false);
   }

It seems that CDH6.0.1 contains some patch es after HBase 2.0.0;

The solution is to modify hbase, remove the final modifier, and then package, stop the service, change the package, start the service, and try again;