LNMP environment building (PHP7.2.25)

catalog

preparation
Install Nginx
Install MySQL
Install PHP
Install Redis
reference material

As a PHP developer, we must know how to build a PHP development environment. At present, the mainstream PHP development environment combination is LAMP and LNMP. This article will introduce how to build an LNMP development environment on CentOS 7. *.

Version Description:

CentOS7: 7.7

Nginx: 1.16.1

MySQL:5.7.28

PHP:7.2.25

I put all the resources needed for installation in / usr/local/src directory

preparation

Install wget

wget is a free tool for automatically downloading files from the network. It supports downloading through three most common TCP/IP protocols: http, HTTPS and FTP, and can use HTTP proxy.

sudo yum -y install wget

Install net tools

Minimize the installation of CentOS7. If you cannot use ifconfig command, you need to install net tools. If you are installing CentOS6, you do not need to install it

sudo yum -y install net-tools

Install vim

sudo yum -y install vim

Configure display line number

vim ~/.vimrc # Edit. vimrc configuration file
set nu # Exit saving after entering set nu

Turn off firewall

systemctl stop firewalld.service to shut down the firewall
 systemctl disable firewalld.service ා turn off the firewall, power on and start automatically
 Whether the IP test is successful through browser input

Install Nginx

Installation dependency

(1) to install nginx, you need to compile the source code downloaded from the official website first. Compilation depends on the GCC environment. If there is no GCC environment, you need to install gcc-c + +.

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++

(2) PCRE is a Perl library, Chinese "Perl compatible regular expression library". The purpose of installing Nginx is to enable Nginx to support the Rewrite Module with URI rewriting function. If pcre library is not installed, Nginx cannot use the rewrite module function. The Rewrite Module Function of Nginx is almost necessary for enterprise applications.

yum -y install pcre pcre-devel

(3) zlib library provides many ways to compress and decompress. nginx uses zlib to gzip the content of http package, so you need to install zlib library on Centos.

yum -y install zlib zlib-devel

(4) OpenSSL is a powerful secure socket layer cipher library, which includes the main cipher algorithm, common key and certificate encapsulation management function and ssl protocol, and provides rich application programs for testing or other purposes. nginx supports not only http protocol, but also https (that is, http is transmitted over ssl Protocol), so OpenSSL library needs to be installed.

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

Note: the version of pcre installed in yum installation mode is relatively low, but it basically does not affect the use, but it is better to manually compile and install the latest stable version of openssl on the official website.

Check basic dependency package

After the above dependency installation is completed, you can check whether each dependency installation is successful through the following command

rpm -qa pcre pcre-devel
rpm -qa zlib zlib-devel
rpm -qa pcre pcre-devel

Compile and install Nginx

# Here we put all the installation packages in the / usr/local/src directory for unified management
cd /usr/local/src  #Switch to package directory
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz ා download the nginx source package
useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M   #Creating nginx users to manage nginx programs
tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz  #Unzip nginx source package

cd nginx-1.16.1

#precompile
./configure \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1 \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install #Compile and install

cd /usr/local
ln -s nginx-1.16.1 nginx  #Creating soft links for nginx

Installation instructions

--prefix=PATH    #Set the installation Road force
--user=USER      #Process user rights
--group=GROUP    #Process user group permissions
--with-http_v2_module  # HTTP2
--with-http_stub_status_module   #Activation status information
--with-http_ssl_module  #Activate ssl function

Configure environment variables

vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
source /etc/profile

Systemd management

Create and edit the / usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service file

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

Add the following content (the configuration here is based on the path where you install Nginx, which is installed in / usr/local directory)

[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Through the nginx installed from yum, the default nginx.service configuration is as follows, which can be used as a reference

# /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid
# Nginx will fail to start if /run/nginx.pid already exists but has the wrong
# SELinux context. This might happen when running `nginx -t` from the cmdline.
# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1268621
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
KillSignal=SIGQUIT
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=process
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Heavy duty daemon

Execute the following command to reload systemd and scan for new or changed cells

systemctl daemon-reload

Set power on self start

systemctl enable nginx.service # Set power on self start
systemctl disable nginx.service # Cancel power on self start service

Common commands for Nginx service management

systemctl status nginx.service # View Nginx status
systemctl start nginx.service # Turn on Nginx
systemctl stop nginx.service # Close Nginx
systemctl reload nginx.service # Overload configuration
systemctl restart nginx.service  # Restart nginx (equivalent to stop & start)

Service startup check

You can use this command to query who occupies port 80

lsof -i :80

If the command is not recognized, lsof needs to be installed

sudo yum -y install lsof

Install MySQL

Installation dependency

(1)cmake is a compilation tool of MySQL, which must be installed

sudo yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses-devel perl perl-devel autoconf bison bison-devel libtirpc libtirpc-devel

Download boost

If mysql 5.7 or above is installed, you need to install boost before compiling and installing, because the higher version of mysql requires the installation of boots library to run normally. Otherwise, CMake Error at cmake/boost.cmake:81 will be reported

Switch to the directory / usr/local/src, and download boost in this directory
MySQL 5.7.27 requires that the boost version is 1.59, and the higher version is not applicable to MySQL 5.7.28

wget http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

Baidu online disk link: boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

Compile and install MySQL

# Add MySQL user
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

# Switch to the / usr/src directory
cd /usr/local/src

# Download MySQL
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28.tar.gz

# Unzip MySQL
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.28.tar.gz

#Extract boost and move it to mysql/boost
tar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
mv boost_1_59_0 mysql-5.7.28/boost

# Go to MySQL directory
cd mysql-5.7.28

# precompile
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28 \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/lib/mysql/data \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=OFF \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DENABLED_PROFILING=ON \
-DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=OFF \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306

# Compile & install
make && make install

# Create soft link
cd /usr/local
ln -s mysql-5.7.28 mysql

Configure environment variables

# Add to environment variable
vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile

Modify profile

Create a mysql folder in / var/lib directory

mkdir -p /var/lib/{mysql,mysql/data}
touch /var/lib/mysql/mysqld.pid
chown mysql.mysql -R /var/lib/mysql/

Modify the / etc/my.cnf file

# Modify the / etc/my.cnf file and edit the configuration file as follows
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
datadir=/var/lib/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/mysqld.pid

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

Create mysqld.log and mysqld.pid files and modify file permissions

# Create mysqld.log and mysqld.pid files
mkdir /var/log/mysql
touch /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
chown mysql.mysql -R /var/log/mysql/

Initialize database

# Initialize the database, – initialize indicates that a secure password is generated by default, – initialize execute indicates that no password is generated
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql/data

Systemd management

Create a / usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service file and edit it as follows

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql

Type=forking

PIDFile=/var/lib/mysql/mysqld.pid

# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
TimeoutSec=0

# Execute pre and post scripts as root
PermissionsStartOnly=true

# Needed to create system tables
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd

# Start main service
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS

# Use this to switch malloc implementation
EnvironmentFile=/etc/my.cnf

# Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE = 5000

Restart=on-failure

RestartPreventExitStatus=1

PrivateTmp=true

Heavy duty daemon

Execute the following command to reload systemd and scan for new or changed cells

systemctl daemon-reload

Start MySQL

systemctl start mysqld.service # Start MySQL
systemctl stop mysqld.service # Close MySQL
systemctl status mysqld.service # View MySQL status

Boot from boot

systemctl enable mysqld.service # Set power on self start
systemctl disable mysqld.service # Cancel power on self start

Log in to MySQL

mysql -u root -p #No password is required for the first login, just enter
set password for root@localhost = password('root');  #Change Password

Install PHP

Installation dependency

sudo yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ zip unzip libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel gd-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libzip libzip-devel libwebp libwebp-devel

Compile and install PHP

cd /usr/local/src
tar -zxvf php-7.2.25.tar.gz
cd  php-7.2.25
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php-7.2.25 \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--enable-mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-gd \
--with-webp-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-gettext \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-bz2 \
--with-openssl \
--with-curl \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-static \
--enable-zip \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-soap \
--enable-calendar \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-exif \
--enable-xml

make && make install

Detailed explanation of compilation parameters

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php-7.2.25 \ # Specify installation path
--enable-fpm \             # Indicates to activate PHP-FPM mode service, that is, to run PHP service in FactCGI mode.
--with-fpm-user=nginx \    # Specify nginx as the user of PHP-FPM process management. It is better to unify with nginx service user here.
--with-fpm-group=nginx \   # Specify the PHP-FPM process management user group as nginx, which is better to be unified with the nginx service user group.
--enable-mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-gd \          # Open gd library support
--with-webp-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-gettext \     # NLS (Native Language Support) API is implemented, which can be used to internationalize your PHP program
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-iconv-dir \   # Contains the interface for iconv character set conversion.
--with-zlib-dir \    # Open zlib library support for http compressed transport
--with-bz2 \         # For transparently reading and writing bzip2 (. bz2) compressed files.
--with-openssl \     # Open openssl, which is used for encrypted transmission
--with-curl \        # Turn on the support of curl browsing tool 
--enable-mbstring \  # Multibyte, string support
--enable-static \    # Build static link library
--enable-zip \       # Open support for zip
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-ftp \       # Provide client access to the file server through file transfer protocol (FTP)
--enable-pcntl \     # Multiprocess
--enable-soap \
--enable-calendar \
--enable-sockets \   # Turn on sockets support
--enable-exif \      # Exchangeable image information
--enable-xml

To configure

cd /usr/local

ln -s php-7.2.25 php
cp /usr/local/src/php-7.2.25/php.ini-development /usr/local/php-7.2.25/lib/php.ini
 
vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
date.timezone = PRC  (About 934 lines)
expose_php = Off  #Avoid exposing PHP information to http headers (about 369 lines)
 
display_errors = Off(Production environment set to off,The development environment is set to On,Easy to debug)
 //Note: after setting disable error to off, you need to open the error logging path in php-fpm.conf error log = log / php-fpm.log
 
cd /usr/local/php 
cp etc/php-fpm.conf.default etc/php-fpm.conf

cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf
cd /usr/local/php
sbin/php-fpm
ps -e | grep php-fpm

//If the parameters of -- with MySQL = mysqlnd and -- with PDO MySQL = mysqlnd are specified when compiling PHP, the socket connection problem may be encountered in production. The solution is to add the command PDO ﹣ mysql. Default ﹣ socket = / var / lib / MySQL / MySQL. Socket into php.ini

//It is better to specify the location of mysql.socket when compiling PHP:
--with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

Manage PHP-FPM

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
 Error? Log = log / php-fpm.log? Line 24 this is enabled when php.ini sets display? Errors = off
 Restart the server after setting up
 Send signals to the process to complete process management
 Stop: Kill - Int ` cat / usr / local / PHP / var / run / PHP fpm.pid`
Smooth stop: Kill - quit ` cat / usr / local / PHP / var / run / PHP fpm.pid`
Restart: Kill - usr2 ` cat / usr / local / PHP / var / run / PHP fpm.pid`
Reopen the log: Kill - usr1 ` cat / usr / local / PHP / var / run / PHP fpm.pid`

Configure environment variables

vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile

Configure Systemd services

In fact, php-fpm.service file PHP has been configured for us. We just need to copy it to the specified location and enable it.

cp /usr/local/src/php-7.2.25/sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

Edit the / usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service file and change it to the following:

# It's not recommended to modify this file in-place, because it
# will be overwritten during upgrades.  If you want to customize,
# the best way is to use the "systemctl edit" command.

[Unit]
Description=The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
PIDFile=/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Heavy duty daemon

Execute the following command to reload systemd and scan for new or changed cells

systemctl daemon-reload

Boot from boot

systemctl enable php-fpm.service

Start PHP FPM

systemctl start php-fpm.service

Associate Nginx with PHP

nginx.conf configuration

#user  nobody;
# There is a working subprocess, which can be modified by itself, but it is too big and useless, because it needs to compete for CPU
# General setting CPU number * core number
worker_processes  1; 

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
#In general, it is to configure the characteristics of Nginx process and connection
#If several work at the same time
    multi_accept on; #Turn on the ability to accept multiple new network connection requests at the same time.
    use epoll;  #Use epoll event driver, because the performance of epoll is much better than other event drivers
    worker_connections  10240; #This means that a subprocess can connect up to 10240 connections
}


http { # This is the main section of configuring the http server
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
    #Hide Nginx software version number
    server_tokens off;
    
    #Activate TCP ﹣ nodelay function to improve I/O performance
    tcp_nodelay on;

    # Set the timeout for reading the client request header data. The value here is 15, and its unit is seconds, which is the empirical reference value
    client_header_timeout 15;

    # Set the timeout for reading the client request body
    client_body_timeout 15;

    # Specify the timeout for responding to clients
    send_timeout 25;

    # Upload file size limit
    client_max_body_size 8m;
    
    #Compression configuration
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml application/javascript;
    gzip_vary on;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #include extra/*.conf;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.blog.com;
        root         html;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
            if (!-e $request_filename) {
                rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php/$1 last;
            }
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php {
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
}

Install Redis

Build install

# Extract the source file
tar -zxvf redis-5.0.7.tar.gz

# Switch to the unzip directory
cd redis-5.0.7

# Build install
make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis-5.0.7 install

mkdir /usr/local/redis-5.0.7/etc
cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis-5.0.7/etc/

# Create soft link
cd /usr/local
ln -s redis-5.0.7 redis

Configure environment variables

vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/redis/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile # Make changes effective immediately

Configure background operation

Let redis run as a future process

vim /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf

# Daeonize no (about 136 lines)
# Change to - >
daemonize yes

Configure Systemd services

Add a redis.service file in / usr/lib/systemd/system /

[Unit]
Description=Redis
After=network.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/redis_6379.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf
ExecStop=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli shutdown
PrivateTmp=true
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Heavy duty daemon

Execute the following command to reload systemd and scan for new or changed cells

systemctl daemon-reload

Boot from boot

systemctl enable redis.service

Start redis service

systemctl start redis.service

reference material

centos7 source compilation and installation mysql5.7

Managing MySQL Server with systemd

Centos7 7 7.3 PHP compilation and installation

Compiling and installing php7.3 under centos7

cmake installation configuration and Getting Started Guide

Compiling CMake 3.15 and gcc 5.3.0

CentOS7 upgrade OpenSSL to 1.1.1

Posted by cheekychop on Wed, 18 Dec 2019 00:06:50 -0800

Programmer Group

LNMP environment building (PHP7.2.25)

preparation

Install wget

Install net tools

Install vim

Configure display line number

Turn off firewall

Install Nginx

Installation dependency

Compile and install Nginx

Configure environment variables

Systemd management

Install MySQL

Installation dependency

Download boost

Compile and install MySQL

Configure environment variables

Modify profile

Systemd management

Log in to MySQL

Install PHP

Installation dependency

Compile and install PHP

Configure Systemd services

Associate Nginx with PHP

Install Redis

Build install

Configure environment variables

Configure background operation

Configure Systemd services

reference material

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