Git has dozens of hundreds of commands, but we often use only a few basic commands. If you want to be proficient in using git, you need to remember many commands

Common basic 6 commands

1, New code base

# Create a Git code base in the current directory
$ git init

# Create a new directory and initialize it as Git code base
$ git init [project-name]

# Download a project and its entire code history
$ git clone [url]

2, Configuration

Git's settings file is. gitconfig, which can be in the user's home directory (global configuration) or in the project directory (project configuration).

# Show current Git configuration
$ git config --list

# Edit Git profile
$ git config -e [--global]

# Set user information when submitting code
$ git config [--global] user.name "[name]"
$ git config [--global] user.email "[email address]"

3, Add / remove files

# Add specified file to staging area
$ git add [file1] [file2] ...

# Add the specified directory to the staging area, including subdirectories
$ git add [dir]

# Add all files from the current directory to the staging area
$ git add .

# Confirmation is required before each change is added
# For multiple changes of the same file, multiple submissions can be realized
$ git add -p

# Delete the workspace file and put this deletion in the staging area
$ git rm [file1] [file2] ...

# Stops tracking the specified file, but it remains in the workspace
$ git rm --cached [file]

# Rename the file and put it in the staging area
$ git mv [file-original] [file-renamed]

4, Code submission

# Submit staging area to warehouse area
$ git commit -m [message]

# Submit the specified file of staging area to the warehouse area
$ git commit [file1] [file2] ... -m [message]

# Commit workspace changes since last commit, directly to warehouse
$ git commit -a

# Show all diff information on submit
$ git commit -v

# Replace the last commit with a new commit
# If there is no new change in the code, it is used to overwrite the commit information of the last commit
$ git commit --amend -m [message]

# Redo the last commit and include new changes to the specified file
$ git commit --amend [file1] [file2] ...

5, Branch

# List all local branches
$ git branch

# List all remote branches
$ git branch -r

# List all local and remote branches
$ git branch -a

# Create a new branch, but still stay in the current branch
$ git branch [branch-name]

# Create a new branch and switch to it
$ git checkout -b [branch]

# Create a new branch pointing to the specified commit
$ git branch [branch] [commit]

# Create a new branch and establish a tracking relationship with the specified remote branch
$ git branch --track [branch] [remote-branch]

# Switch to the specified branch and update the workspace
$ git checkout [branch-name]

# Switch to previous branch
$ git checkout -

# Establish a trace relationship between an existing branch and a specified remote branch
$ git branch --set-upstream [branch] [remote-branch]

# Merge the specified branch to the current branch
$ git merge [branch]

# Select a commit to merge into the current branch
$ git cherry-pick [commit]

# Delete branch
$ git branch -d [branch-name]

# Delete remote branch
$ git push origin --delete [branch-name]
$ git branch -dr [remote/branch]

6, Label

# List all tag s
$ git tag

# Create a new tag in the current commit
$ git tag [tag]

# Create a new tag in the specified commit
$ git tag [tag] [commit]

# Delete local tag
$ git tag -d [tag]

# Delete remote tag
$ git push origin :refs/tags/[tagName]

# View tag information
$ git show [tag]

# Submit specified tag
$ git push [remote] [tag]

# Submit all tag s
$ git push [remote] --tags

# Create a new branch pointing to a tag
$ git checkout -b [branch] [tag]

7, View information

# Show changed documents
$ git status

# Displays the version history of the current branch
$ git log

# Show the commit history and the files that change every commit
$ git log --stat

# Search submission history by keyword
$ git log -S [keyword]

# Show all changes after a commit, one line for each commit
$ git log [tag] HEAD --pretty=format:%s

# Display all changes after a commit, and its "submission description" must meet the search criteria
$ git log [tag] HEAD --grep feature

# Display the version history of a file, including file rename
$ git log --follow [file]
$ git whatchanged [file]

# Display every diff related to the specified file
$ git log -p [file]

# Show last 5 submissions
$ git log -5 --pretty --oneline

# Display all submitted users, sorted by submission times
$ git shortlog -sn

# Show who modified the specified file at what time
$ git blame [file]

# Show differences between staging and workspace
$ git diff

# Show differences between staging area and previous commit
$ git diff --cached [file]

# Shows the difference between the workspace and the latest commit for the current branch
$ git diff HEAD

# Show differences between two submissions
$ git diff [first-branch]...[second-branch]

# Show how many lines of code you wrote today
$ git diff --shortstat "@{0 day ago}"

# Show metadata and content changes for a submission
$ git show [commit]

# Show files that have changed in a submission
$ git show --name-only [commit]

# Displays the contents of a file at the time of a submission
$ git show [commit]:[filename]

# Shows the most recent commits for the current branch
$ git reflog

8, Remote synchronization

# Download all changes to remote warehouse
$ git fetch [remote]

# Show all remote warehouses
$ git remote -v

# Display information about a remote warehouse
$ git remote show [remote]

# Add a new remote warehouse and name it
$ git remote add [shortname] [url]

# Retrieve changes from remote warehouse and merge with local branch
$ git pull [remote] [branch]

# Upload local designated branch to remote warehouse
$ git push [remote] [branch]

# Force the current branch to a remote warehouse, even if there is a conflict
$ git push [remote] --force

# Push all branches to remote warehouse
$ git push [remote] --all

9, Undo

# Recover the specified files from the staging area to the workspace
$ git checkout [file]

# Recover the specified file of a commit to the staging area and workspace
$ git checkout [commit] [file]

# Recover all files from staging area to workspace
$ git checkout .

# Resets the specified file for the staging area, consistent with the last commit, but the workspace does not change
$ git reset [file]

# Reset staging area and workspace to match last commit
$ git reset --hard

# Resets the pointer of the current branch to the specified commit, and resets the staging area, but the workspace does not change
$ git reset [commit]

# Reset the HEAD of the current branch to the specified commit, and reset the staging area and workspace at the same time, consistent with the specified commit
$ git reset --hard [commit]

# Reset the current HEAD to the specified commit, but leave the staging area and workspace unchanged
$ git reset --keep [commit]

# Create a new commit to undo the specified commit
# All changes in the latter are offset by the former and applied to the current branch
$ git revert [commit]

# Temporarily remove uncommitted changes and move in later
$ git stash
$ git stash pop

10, Others

# Generate a compressed package for publishing
$ git archive