Objective-C provides us with five common structures. The defined variables can exist on the stack and on the heap.

Namely:

• Range: NSRange,
• Point (NSPoint)
• Size (NSsize)
• Area (NSRect)
• Vector (CGVector);

NSRange

NSRange is used to represent the range of related things.
Structure prototype:
typedef struct _NSRange {
NSUInteger location;
NSUInteger length;
} NSRange;

NSRange: (used to store words or statements, where they are)
location: starting position,
length: number of elements.

A shortcut function NSMakeRange() provided by cocoa for NSRange;
The advantage of using NSMakeRange() is that it can be used anywhere a function can be used, such as passing it as a parameter in a method call.

NSRange is a structure, not a class. The defined variables do not need to be added*

Example:

    //NSRange
    /*
     typedef struct _NSRange {
         NSUInteger location;
         NSUInteger length;
     } NSRange;
     */
    //1. NSRange creation
    NSRange  range1;
    range1.location = 18;
    range1.length = 34;
    
    NSLog(@"range1.length = %zi",range1.length);
    NSLog(@"range1.location = %zi",range1.location);
    
    //Note L: printing can use% zi or% lu
    
    //2. Fast creation of NSRange
    NSRange  range2 = NSMakeRange(8, 10);
    
    NSLog(@"range2.length = %zi",range2.length);
    NSLog(@"range2.location = %zi",range2.location);
    
    //or
    
    NSRange range3 = {17,4};
    
    NSLog(@"range3.length = %zi",range3.length);
    NSLog(@"range3.location = %zi",range3.location);
    
    //3. NSStringFromRange converts the above structure to string type and prints it out
    //%@Is an OC object, range represents a structure, and str is an OC object
    NSString* str1 = NSStringFromRange(range2);
    NSLog(@"str1 = %@",str1);

Execution result:

2019-05-23 14:57:15.429762+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] range1.length = 34
2019-05-23 14:57:15.429806+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] range1.location = 18
2019-05-23 14:57:15.429820+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] range2.length = 10
2019-05-23 14:57:15.429839+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] range2.location = 8
2019-05-23 14:57:15.429855+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] range3.length = 4
2019-05-23 14:57:15.429871+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] range3.location = 17
2019-05-23 14:57:15.430104+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] str1 = {8, 10}

CGPoint

CGPoint represents a point on a plane.
Structure prototype:
struct
CGPoint {
CGFloat x;
CGFloat y;
};

Note: x,y is the value of float type.

Example:

    //CGPoint
    /*
     CGPoint {
         CGFloat x;
         CGFloat y;
     };
     */
    //1.CGPoint creation
    CGPoint point1;
    point1.x = 10;
    point1.y = 20;
    
    NSLog(@"point1.x = %f|point1.y = %f",point1.x,point1.y);
    
    
    //2.CGPoint quick creation
    CGPoint point2 = CGPointMake(10.01, 20.02);
    
    NSLog(@"point2.x = %f|point2.y = %f",point2.x,point2.y);
    
    //or
    
    CGPoint point3 = {10.01, 20.02};
    
    NSLog(@"point3.x = %f|point3.y = %f",point3.x,point3.y);

Execution result:

2019-05-23 14:57:15.430154+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] point1.x = 10.000000|point1.y = 20.000000
2019-05-23 14:57:15.430171+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] point2.x = 10.010000|point2.y = 20.020000
2019-05-23 14:57:15.430185+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] point3.x = 10.010000|point3.y = 20.020000

CGSize

CGSize is used to store length and width. Size.
Structure prototype:
struct CGSize {
CGFloat width;
CGFloat height;
};

Example:

    //CGSize
    /*
     struct CGSize {
     CGFloat width;
     CGFloat height;
     };
     */
    // CGSize create
    CGSize size1;
    
    size1.width = 15;
    size1.height = 20;
    
    NSLog(@"size1.width = %f| size1.height = %f",size1.width,size1.height);
    
    //Quick creation
    CGSize size2 = CGSizeMake(20 , 30);
    NSLog(@"size2.width = %f| size2.height = %f",size2.width,size2.height);
    
    //or
    
    CGSize size3 = {15,20};
    NSLog(@"size3.width = %f| size3.height = %f",size3.width,size3.height);

Execution result:

2019-05-23 14:57:15.430198+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] size1.width = 15.000000| size1.height = 20.000000
2019-05-23 14:57:15.430210+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] size2.width = 20.000000| size2.height = 30.000000
2019-05-23 14:57:15.430223+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] size3.width = 15.000000| size3.height = 20.000000

NSRect

NSRect is used to represent a region.
Structure prototype:
struct CGRect {
CGPoint origin;
CGSize size;
};

Example:

    //CGRect
    /*
     struct CGRect {
     CGPoint origin;
     CGSize size;
     };
     
     CGPoint {
     CGFloat x;
     CGFloat y;
     };
     
     struct CGSize {
     CGFloat width;
     CGFloat height;
     };
     
     */
    
    // CGRect creation
    CGRect rect1;
    
    rect1.origin.x = 15;
    rect1.origin.y = 20;
    rect1.size.width=8;
    rect1.size.height=15;
    
    NSLog(@"rect1.origin.x = %f|rect1.origin.y = %f|rect1.size.width = %f|rect1.size.height = %f",rect1.origin.x,rect1.origin.y,rect1.size.width,rect1.size.height);
    
    // Quick creation
    CGRect rect2 = CGRectMake(15,20,15,20);
    NSLog(@"rect2.origin.x = %f|rect2.origin.y = %f|rect2.size.width = %f|rect2.size.height = %f",rect2.origin.x,rect2.origin.y,rect2.size.width,rect2.size.height);
    
    
    CGRect rect3 = {15,20,8,15};
    NSLog(@"rect3.origin.x = %f|rect3.origin.y = %f|rect3.size.width = %f|rect3.size.height = %f",rect3.origin.x,rect3.origin.y,rect3.size.width,rect3.size.height);

Execution result:

2019-05-23 14:57:15.430270+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] rect1.origin.x = 15.000000|rect1.origin.y = 20.000000|rect1.size.width = 8.000000|rect1.size.height = 15.000000
2019-05-23 14:57:15.430285+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] rect2.origin.x = 15.000000|rect2.origin.y = 20.000000|rect2.size.width = 15.000000|rect2.size.height = 20.000000
2019-05-23 14:57:15.430309+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] rect3.origin.x = 15.000000|rect3.origin.y = 20.000000|rect3.size.width = 8.000000|rect3.size.height = 15.000000

CGVector

CGVector vector
Structure prototype:

struct CGVector {
    CGFloat dx;
    CGFloat dy;
};

Example:

    //CGVector
    /*
     struct CGVector {
     CGFloat dx;
     CGFloat dy;
     };
     */
    // CGVector creation
    CGVector vector1;
    vector1.dx = 10;
    vector1.dy = 20;
    
    NSLog(@"vector1.x = %f|vector1.y = %f",vector1.dx,vector1.dy);
    
    
    //2. Create quickly
    CGVector vector2 = CGVectorMake(10.01, 20.02);
    
    NSLog(@"vector2.dx = %f|vector2.dy = %f",vector2.dx,vector2.dy);
    
    //or
    
    CGVector vector3 = {10.01, 20.02};
    
    NSLog(@"vector3.dx = %f|vector3.dy = %f",vector3.dx,vector3.dy);

Execution result:

//CGVector
/*
struct CGVector {
CGFloat dx;
CGFloat dy;
};
*/
// CGVector creation
CGVector vector1;
vector1.dx = 10;
vector1.dy = 20;

NSLog(@"vector1.x = %f|vector1.y = %f",vector1.dx,vector1.dy);


//2. Create quickly
CGVector vector2 = CGVectorMake(10.01, 20.02);

NSLog(@"vector2.dx = %f|vector2.dy = %f",vector2.dx,vector2.dy);

//or

CGVector vector3 = {10.01, 20.02};

NSLog(@"vector3.dx = %f|vector3.dy = %f",vector3.dx,vector3.dy);

Note:
1. Zero
CGPointZero;
CGSizeZero;
CGRectZero;

2. Judge whether it is equal

The prerequisite for using the CGRectEqualToRect function is to add the CoreGraphics framework

    //Judge whether it is equal
    BOOL isYES1 = CGRectEqualToRect(CGRectMake(0, 0, 80, 80), CGRectMake(0, 0, 80, 80));
    
    //Other similarities
    //CGSizeEqualToSize(CGSize size1, CGSize size2);
    //CGPointEqualToPoint(CGPoint point1, CGPoint point2);
    
    //Determine whether the left side contains the right side
    BOOL isYES2 = CGRectContainsPoint(CGRectMake(50, 40, 100, 50), CGPointMake(60, 45));
    
    NSLog(@"isYES1 = %i|isYES2 = %i",isYES1,isYES2);
    

results of enforcement

2019-05-23 14:57:15.430366+0800 MGNSRange...[2563:568535] isYES1 = 1|isYES2 = 1