ABSTRACT: Teach you how to use Python's built-in Tkinter to create the first GUI program.

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Catalog

Graphical interface

Python supports a variety of third-party libraries for graphical interfaces, including Tk, wxWidgets, Qt, GTK, etc.

This paper introduces how to use Tkinter to program GUI.

Python has built-in Tkinter, which encapsulates the interface for accessing the graphics library Tk, through which simple GUI programming can be completed.

Tkinter

The steps to create a GUI program are as follows:
1. Import Tkinter module;
2. Create a class that inherits the Frame (Frame is a container for control, which you can understand as a rectangular frame);
3. Create controls
4. Specify the master of the control;
5. Start the message loop

The first GUI program:

from tkinter import *                    # All the content of introducing the Tkinter package

class A(Frame):                          # Define a Frame class
    def __init__(self, master=None):     
        Frame.__init__(self, master)     
        self.pack()                      # Place controls in the main interface to achieve layout
        self.createWidgets()             # Call the method to create the control

    def createWidgets(self):
        self.helloLabel = Label(self, text='Hello，world!')       # Create a label control to display text or bitmaps
        self.helloLabel.pack()                         # Put the label control in the main interface
        self.quitButton = Button(self, text='Quit', command=self.quit)    # Create button controls for exit
        self.quitButton.pack()

app = A()                                          # Instantiation of A
app.master.title('The first GUI')                  # Setting the title of the window
app.master.geometry('200x100')                     # Set window size
app.mainloop()                                     # Start a message loop

The results are as follows:

Of course, many other controls can be added, such as adding text boxes, letting users enter text, and then displaying information.

At this point, we need to introduce a messagebox module, the specific code () is as follows:

from tkinter import *
import tkinter.messagebox as messagebox

class A(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.pack()
        self.createWidgets()

    def createWidgets(self):
        self.nameInput = Entry(self)                              # Entry lets users enter text
        self.nameInput.pack()
        self.alertButton = Button(self, text='Hello', command=self.hello)   # Add button control, button with hello method
        self.alertButton.pack()

    def hello(self):
        name = self.nameInput.get() or 'world'                    # Get the text entered by the user
        messagebox.showinfo('Message', 'Hello, %s' % name)        # Pop-up message dialog box

app = A()
app.master.title('Hello World')
app.mainloop()

The results are as follows:

Introduction to Core Control:

That's all for this section. Thank you for reading.

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