Project creation
You need to select a directory as the project's home directory
You can have multiple apps in a project
Command help
Creating project methods
django-admin help startproject
usage: django-admin startproject [-h] [--version] [-v {0,1,2,3}]
[--settings SETTINGS]
[--pythonpath PYTHONPATH] [--traceback]
[--no-color] [--template TEMPLATE]
[--extension EXTENSIONS] [--name FILES]
name [directory]
Creates a Django project directory structure for the given project name in the current directory or optionally in the given directory.
positional arguments:
name Name of the application or project.
directory Optional destination directory
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--version show program's version number and exit
-v {0,1,2,3}, --verbosity {0,1,2,3}
Verbosity level; 0=minimal output, 1=normal output,
2=verbose output, 3=very verbose output
--settings SETTINGS The Python path to a settings module, e.g.
"myproject.settings.main". If this isn't provided, the
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable will be
used.
--pythonpath PYTHONPATH
A directory to add to the Python path, e.g.
"/home/djangoprojects/myproject".
--traceback Raise on CommandError exceptions
--no-color Don't colorize the command output.
--template TEMPLATE The path or URL to load the template from.
--extension EXTENSIONS, -e EXTENSIONS
The file extension(s) to render (default: "py").
Separate multiple extensions with commas, or use -e
multiple times.
--name FILES, -n FILES
The file name(s) to render. Separate multiple
extensions with commas, or use -n multiple times.
Creating apps methods
django-admin help startapp
usage: django-admin startapp [-h] [--version] [-v {0,1,2,3}]
[--settings SETTINGS] [--pythonpath PYTHONPATH]
[--traceback] [--no-color] [--template TEMPLATE]
[--extension EXTENSIONS] [--name FILES]
name [directory]
Creates a Django app directory structure for the given app name in the current directory or optionally in the given directory.
positional arguments:
name Name of the application or project.
directory Optional destination directory
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--version show program's version number and exit
-v {0,1,2,3}, --verbosity {0,1,2,3}
Verbosity level; 0=minimal output, 1=normal output,
2=verbose output, 3=very verbose output
--settings SETTINGS The Python path to a settings module, e.g.
"myproject.settings.main". If this isn't provided, the
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable will be
used.
--pythonpath PYTHONPATH
A directory to add to the Python path, e.g.
"/home/djangoprojects/myproject".
--traceback Raise on CommandError exceptions
--no-color Don't colorize the command output.
--template TEMPLATE The path or URL to load the template from.
--extension EXTENSIONS, -e EXTENSIONS
The file extension(s) to render (default: "py").
Separate multiple extensions with commas, or use -e
multiple times.
--name FILES, -n FILES
The file name(s) to render. Separate multiple
extensions with commas, or use -n multiple times.
Example
Create project
Project name: demo
[root@nova-test-uxnpv ~]# mkdir /apps/dat/web/ -p [root@nova-test-uxnpv ~]# cd /apps/dat/web/ [root@nova-test-uxnpv web]# django-admin startproject demo
Introduction to catalogue structure
[root@nova-test-uxnpv web]# tree .
.
└── demo
├── demo
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── settings.py <- Project Profile
│ ├── urls.py <- URL Routing file
│ └── wsgi.py <- Network Communication Interface
└── manage.py <- django In charge of management procedures
Allohost settings
modify settings.py File, you can choose to enter the current IP listening or write directly "*"
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]
If you do not have the above settings, the following errors will occur when you start the project
DisallowedHost at / Invalid HTTP_HOST header: 'x.x.x.x'. You may need to add u'x.x.x.x to ALLOWED_HOSTS. Request Method: GET Request URL: http://x.x.x.x/ Django Version: 1.11.16 Exception Type: DisallowedHost Exception Value: Invalid HTTP_HOST header: 'x.x.x.x'. You may need to add u'x.x.x.x' to ALLOWED_HOSTS. Exception Location: /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/django/http/request.py in get_host, line 113
Test project startup
You can start the project for testing in the following ways
cd demo python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:80
You can see the following output
Performing system checks... System check identified no issues (0 silenced). You have 13 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions. (This is related to database configuration and synchronization. There is no need to solve it for the time being.) Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them. October 22, 2018 - 02:47:52 Django version 1.11.16, using settings 'demo.settings' Starting development server at http://0.0.0.0:80/ Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
firefox allows direct access
http://x.x.x.x/
You can see the following fonts on the web page
It worked! Congratulations on your first Django-powered page. Next, start your first app by running python manage.py startapp [app_label]. You're seeing this message because you have DEBUG = True in your Django settings file and you haven't configured any URLs. Get to work!
Project apps
Traditionally, a project can have multiple apps
Our code is stored in the apps directory and ends with the py file
Create an apps
apps Naming: tiweb
python manage.py startapp tiweb
directory structure
Many py files will be generated in the tiweb directory, but we will not use these py files for the time being.
- db. sqlite3 < - Abandoned, sqlite database files (we will use Mariadb as the default database, described later)
├── demo
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── settings.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── wsgi.py
├── manage.py
└── tiweb
├── admin.py
├── apps.py
├── __init__.py
- migrations < - Database Processing Records Related Information Your Catalogue
│ └── __init__.py
- models. py < - python file for defining database table structure (introduced later)
├── tests.py
- views. py < - Traditionally, DJango uses this file as an entry file (url mapped to the corresponding business processing logic)
Configure apps
After creating apps, you need to settings.py Modify and add new apps definitions
vim demo/settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'tiweb', <- New additions apps name
]
setttings.py Set up
- apps settings
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'tiweb', <- New additions apps name
]
- Allohost settings (used to allow host s to listen on those IP addresses)
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]
- Chinese support
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-Hans'
- China Time Zone Support
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
- debug support
DEBUG = True
- Static File Location Definition (We traditionally treat files like js, css, images [jpg, png, gif] as static files)
The current static file root directory is / apps/dat/web/demo/static / directory
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),
'/static/',
]
- MySQL/MariaDB Database Connection Method
DATABASES = {
'default' : {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'dbname',
'USER': 'username',
'PASSWORD': 'password,
'HOST': 'mysqlIPADDR',
'PORT': '3306',
}
}
- Template definition
Template is a template web page application for storing dynamically loaded data
Template files are currently stored in / apps/dat/web/demo/template / directory
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'template')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]