In most programming languages, the menu bar and toolbar will provide the corresponding layout, and the layout manager is required for the of the work area. Of course, in PyQt5, most components can be positioned and placed with x-axis and y-axis coordinates, but it takes time and effort. There will also be problems that the size and position of components will not change when the window size is adjusted, and there will be problems of inconsistent application interfaces on different systems.

To this end, PyQt5 provides the layout manager QLayout. QLayout itself is not a container or a widget, but an algorithm for screen layout. The subclasses of QLayout really realize layout, including box layout QHBoxLayout and QVBoxLayout by row or column, QGridLayout by grid, and qgrid layout specially used for form layout

QFormLayout, both of which support the nested use of layout managers.

Box layout

Box layout QHBoxLayout or QVBoxLayout is the most common layout manager, which can support horizontal layout and vertical layout. QHBoxLayout: add controls from left to right; QVBoxLayout adds controls in top-down order. They can be nested with each other and inherit from the QBoxLayout class.

Call the setLayout(self, QLayout) method of window QWidget or QMainWindow to add the layout manager to the window.

Looking at the source code, we can see that the QVBoxLayout and QHBoxLayout layout managers are the same except for the different directions (LeftToRight and TopToBottom) during construction. Their common methods are as follows:

Alignment is the alignment method. The values are:

Program list: boxlayout.py

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QDesktopWidget, 
  QVBoxLayout, \ QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QLineEdit, QTextEdit, QPushButton
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt


# Inherit QWidget
class BoxLayout(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.init_ui()

    def init_ui(self):
        vbox = QVBoxLayout()
        # Name, horizontal layout
        h_box1 = QHBoxLayout()
        name_label = QLabel("full name:")
        name_edit = QLineEdit(self)
        name_edit.setPlaceholderText("Please enter your name")
        h_box1.addWidget(name_label, alignment=Qt.AlignRight)
        h_box1.addWidget(name_edit, stretch=1)
        # Address, horizontal layout
        h_box2 = QHBoxLayout()
        address_label = QLabel("address:")
        address_edit = QLineEdit(self)
        address_edit.setPlaceholderText("Please enter your address")
        h_box2.addWidget(address_label, alignment=Qt.AlignRight)
        h_box2.addWidget(address_edit, stretch=1)
        h_box2.setContentsMargins(0, 10, 0, 10)  # Outer spacing
        # remarks
        remark_edit = QTextEdit(self)
        remark_edit.setPlaceholderText("Please enter comments")
        # Button
        h_box3 = QHBoxLayout()
        submit_btn = QPushButton("determine")
        clear_btn = QPushButton("empty")
        h_box3.addStretch(1)  # Horizontal layout, empty before filling
        h_box3.addWidget(submit_btn, stretch=0)
        h_box3.addSpacing(10)  # Add internal spacing
        h_box3.addWidget(clear_btn, stretch=0)
        # Add to vertical layout
        vbox.addLayout(h_box1)
        vbox.addLayout(h_box2)
        vbox.addWidget(remark_edit, stretch=1)
        vbox.addLayout(h_box3)
        self.setLayout(vbox)
        # resize window
        self.resize(900, 500)
        # Center window
        self.center()
        # Window title
        self.setWindowTitle("Box layout")
        # Display window
        self.show()

    # Achieve centering
    def center(self):
        f = self.frameGeometry()
        c = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
        f.moveCenter(c)
        self.move(f.topLeft())


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = BoxLayout()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

After running the program, the pop-up window is as follows:

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