1. None
2. Integer (int)
3. Boolean Types (bool)
4. String (str)
-
upper/lower: letter case conversion
Upper: convert lower case to upper case
lower: uppercase to lowercase
v1 = 'alex' v2 = v1.upper() print(v2) #'ALEX' v3 = v2.lower() print(v3) #'alex'
- isdigit: Determines whether a string is a number
v1 = 'alex' date1 = v1.isdigit() print(date1) #False v2 = '666' date2 = v2.isdigit() print(date2) #True
- strip/rstrip/lstrip: removing spaces
- strip: removes spaces on the left and right sides
- rstrip: Remove the space on the right
- lstrip: Remove the space on the left
v = ' alex ' date1 = v1.strip() print(date1) #'alex' date2 = v.rstrip() print(date2) #' alex' date3 = v.lstrip() print(date3) #'alex '
- Replace: replace
v = 'Today I'm going to have fried rice, fried rice and fried rice' date1 = v.replace('Fried rice','Roasted Duck') #Replace all fried rice print(date1) #'Today I'm eating Roast Duck Roast Duck' date2 = v.replace('Fried rice','Roasted Duck',1) #Replace only the first fried rice print(date2) #'Today I'm going to have roast duck, fried rice and fried Rice'
- split/rsplit: cut
- split: cut left to right
- rsplit: cut right to left
v = 'Today I'm going to have fried rice, roast chicken, roast duck' date1 = v.split(',') #Cut all the stones from left to right print(date1) #['Today I'm having fried rice','roast chicken','roast duck'] date2 = v.split(',',1) #Cut the first stop from left to right print(date2) #['I'm having fried rice today','roast chicken, roast duck'] date2 = v.rsplit(',',1) #Cut the first stop from right to left print(date2) #['Today I'm having fried rice, roast chicken','roast duck']
- startswith/endswith: determine if there is any beginning/end
- startswith: Determine if something has started
- endswith: determine if there is an end
v = 'alex' date1 = v.startswith('al') print(date1) #True date2 = v.endswith('ex') print(date2) #True
- format: string formatting
date = 'His name is{0},This year{1}'.format('Zhang San',22) print(date) #'His name is Zhang San, 22'
- encode: Convert unicode storage to other encoding storage
name = 'Zhang San' #After the interpreter reads into memory, store it in unicode date1 = name.encode('utf-8') #Convert unicode storage to utf-8 storage date2 = name.encode('gbk') #Convert unicode storage to gbk storage
- join: Loop each element and add connectors between them
v = 'alex' date = "_".join(v) #Loop through each element and add''between them print(date) #'a_l_e_x'
5. List
- Append: append
v = ['Zhang San','Li Si','King Five'] v.append(666) print(v) #['Zhang San','Li Si','Wang Wu', 666]
- Insert: insert
v = ['Zhang San','Li Si','King Five'] v.insert(1,666) print(v) #['Zhang San', 666,'Li Si','Wang Wu']
3.remove: Delete (specified element)
v = ['Zhang San','Li Si','King Five'] v.remove('Li Si') print(v) #['Zhang San','Wang Wu']
- pop: delete (element at index position)
v = ['Zhang San','Li Si','King Five'] v.pop(o) print(v) #['Li Si','Wang Wu']
- clear: delete everything
v = ['Zhang San','Li Si','King Five'] v.clear(o) print(v) #[]
- extend: circular join
v = ['Zhang San','Li Si','King Five'] v1 = [1,2,3] v.extend(v1) #Append element loop in v1 to v print(v) #['Zhang San','Li Si','Wang Wu', 1,2,3]
- Reverse: reverse
v = [1,3,6,4,2,5] v.reverse() print(v) #[5,2,4,6,3,1]
- Sort: sort
v = [1,3,6,4,2,5] v.sort(reverse = False) #Sort from smallest to largest [default:.sort()] print(v) #[1,2,3,4,5,6] v.sort(reverse = True) #Sort from large to small print(v) #[6,5,4,3,2,1]
6. Tuple
7. Dictionary (dict)
- Keys: Get all keys in the dictionary
info = {'name':'Zhang San','age':22,'gender':'male'} for i in info.keys(): print(i) """ 'name' 'age' 'gender' """
- Values: Get all the values in the dictionary
info = {'name':'Zhang San','age':22,'gender':'male'} for i in info.values(): print(i) """ 'Zhang San' 22 'male' """
- items: Get all key-value pairs in the dictionary
info = {'name':'Zhang San','age':22,'gender':'male'} for a,b in info.items(): print(a,b) """ 'name','Zhang San' 'age',22 'gender','male' """
- get: index value
info = {'name':'Zhang San','age':22,'gender':'male'} v1 = info.get('name') print(v1) #'Zhang San', equivalent to v1 = info['name'] v2 = info.get('hobby') print(v2) #None v3 = info.get('hobby',666) #Output 666 if the'hobby'key does not exist print(v3) #666
- pop: delete (element at index position)
info = {'name':'Zhang San','age':22,'gender':'male'} v = info.pop('name') #Delete'name':'Zhang San'key-value pair and assign'Zhang San' to v1 print(v) #'Zhang San' print(info) #{'age':22,'gender':'man'}
- update: add (modify) in bulk
- Add if not present, modify if present
info = {'name':'Zhang San'} info.update({'age':22,'gender':'male','name':'Li Si'}) #Add'age'and'gender' and modify the value corresponding to'name' print(info) # {'name':'Li Si','age':22,'gender':'man'}
8. Sets
- Add: add (no more add existing)
v = {1,2,3} v.add(4) #Add 4 v.add(3) #3 is already there, don't add any more print(v) #{1,2,3,4}
- discard: delete
v = {1,2,3} v.discard(2) #Delete 2 print(v) #{1,3}
- update: add in bulk
v = {1,2,3} v.update({4,5,6}) #Add 4,5,6 print(v) #{1,2,3,4,5,6}
- Intersection: intersection
v = {1,2,3} date = v.intersection({1,3,4}) #Take the intersection of v and {1,3,4} print(date) #{1,3}
- union: union
v = {1,2,3} date = v.union({1,3,4}) #Take the union of v and {1,3,4} print(date) #{1,2,3,4}
- Difference: difference set
v1 = {1,2,3} v2 = {1,3,4} date1 = v1.difference(v2) #Take the difference between v1 and v2, which is not found in V2 in v1 print(date1) #{2} date2 = v2.difference(v1) #Take the difference between v2 and v1, there is no V1 in v2 print(date2) #{4}
- symmetric_difference: symmetric difference set
v = {1,2,3} date = v.symmetric_difference({1,3,4}) #Take the symmetric difference set of v and {1,3,4} print(date) #{2,4}