Custom virtual machine installation
1, Create a virtual switch
Principle: call dnsmasq to provide DNS, DHCP and other functions
Create configuration file / etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/vbr.xml
<network>
<name>vbr</name>
<bridge name="vbr"/>
<forward mode="nat"/>
<ip address="192.168.1.254" netmask="255.255.255.0">
<dhcp>
<range start="192.168.1.100" end="192.168.1.200"/>
</dhcp>
</ip>
</network>
2, Quick configuration of network yum source on real room
[root@room ~]# yum install vsftp [root@room ~]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf ... listen=YES listen_ipv6=NO ... [root@room ~]# systemctl enable vsftpd [root@room ~]# systemctl start vsftpd [root@room ~]# mkdir /var/ftp/centos7 [root@room ~]# mount –t iso9660 –o loop,ro /root/CentOS7-1708.iso /var/ftp/centos7 [root@room ~]# yum repolist
3, Graphical installation of virtual machine by virt Manager
1. Start the virt manager software and select new virtual machine
2. Select network installation source
3. Create a custom image file node.img
[root@room ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/node.img 16G
4. vbr for network selection
5. Select minimal, close KDUMP, and select Manual partition
4, Virtual machine template making
Initialize the newly installed system
1. Disable selinux
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled
2. Uninstall related software
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove -y NetworkManager-* firewalld-*
3. Configure yum source
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repo.d/centos7.repo [local_repo] name=centos7 baseurl="ftp://192.168.1.254/centos7" enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
4. Common system command installation
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y net-tools vim-enhanced bridge-utils
5. Modify the network card configuration file
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" ONBOOT="yes" IPV6INIT="no" TYPE="Ethernet" BOOTPROTO ="dhcp"
6. Disable empty routing
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network NOZEROCONF="yes"
7. Restart the machine
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
8. Add the Console configuration and personalized information in the initial partition removal
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/default/grub ... GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="biosdevname=0 net.ifnames=0 console=ttyS0,115200n8" GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID="true" GRUB_ENABLE_LINUX_LABEL="true"
9. Regenerate grub.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
10. Modify / etc/fstab, blkid to view the disk device corresponding to UUID, and modify UUID to system device
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/vda1: UUID="98bd48a3-dd66-49bd-a0e1-3c70e337f2aa" TYPE="xfs" [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab /dev/vda1 / xfs defaults 0 0
11. Install partition expansion software
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y cloud-utils-growpart [root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /etc/rc.local # Set the root directory of the first boot self expansion [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/rc.local /usr/bin/growpart /dev/vda 1 # Expand partition space (make / dev/vda1 larger) /usr/sbin/xfs_growfs / # Expand file system identification space (make df-h usable space larger)
12. Shut down the virtual machine and clean up the information (real machine)
[root@room ~]# virt-sysprep -d centos7.0 [ 0.0] Examining the guest ... [ 28.9] Performing "abrt-data" ... [ 28.9] Performing "backup-files" ... [ 29.2] Performing "bash-history" ... [ 29.2] Performing "blkid-tab" ... [ 29.3] Performing "crash-data" ... [ 29.3] Performing "cron-spool" ... [ 29.3] Performing "dhcp-client-state" ... [ 29.3] Performing "dhcp-server-state" ... [ 29.3] Performing "dovecot-data" ... [ 29.3] Performing "logfile s" ... [ 29.3] Performing "machine-id" ... [ 29.3] Performing "mail-spool" ... [ 29.3] Performing "net-hostname" ... [ 29.3] Performing "net-hwaddr" ... [ 29.3] Performing "pacct-log" ... [ 29.3] Performing "package-manager-cache" ... [ 29.3] Performing "pam-data" ... [ 29.3] Performing "passwd-backups" ... [ 29.3] Performing "puppet-data-log" ... [ 29.3] Performing "rh-subscription-manager" ... [ 29.3] Performing "rhn-systemid" ... [ 29.3] Performing "rpm-db" ... [ 29.3] Performing "samba-db-log" ... [ 29.3] Performing "script" ... [ 29.3] Performing "smolt-uuid" ... [ 29.3] Performing "ssh-hostkeys" ... [ 29.3] Performing "ssh-userdir" ... [ 29.3] Performing "sssd-db-log" ... [ 29.3] Performing "tmp-files" ... [ 29.3] Performing "udev-persistent-net" ... [ 29.3] Performing "utmp" ... [ 29.3] Performing "yum-uuid" ... [ 29.3] Performing "customize" ... [ 29.3] Setting a random seed [ 29.8] Performing "lvm-uuids" ...
13. Backup XML configuration file of virtual machine
[root@room ~]#cd /etc/libvirt/qemu/ [root@room qemu]#cp centos7.xml centos7.0.xml.bak
14. Modify the XML configuration file as follows
<domain type='kvm'>
<name>node</name>
<memory unit='KB'>2097152</memory>
<currentMemory unit='KB'>2097152</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='pc'>hvm</type>
<boot dev='hd'/>
<bootmenu enable='yes'/>
<bios useserial='yes'/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
</features>
<cpu mode='host-passthrough'>
</cpu>
<clock offset='localtime'/>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
<source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/node.img'/>
<target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
</disk>
<interface type='bridge'>
<source bridge='vbr'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
</interface>
<channel type='unix'>
<target type='virtio' name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/>
</channel>
<serial type='pty'></serial>
<console type='pty'>
<target type='serial'/>
</console>
<memballoon model='virtio'></memballoon>
</devices>
</domain>
15. Delete virtual machine definition
[root@room ~]# virsh undefine centos7.0
16. View template virtual machine image
[root@room ~]# ll -h /var/lib/libvirt/images/node.img -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.2G 9 Month 717:35 node.img
5, Create virtual machine quickly - for example, create virtual machine node1
1. Create disk file
[root@room ~]# cd /var/lib/libvirt/images [root@room images]# qemu-img create -b node.img -f qcow2 node1.img 32G
2. Create virtual machine configuration file
[root@room images]#sed 's/node/node1/' /root/nsd1804/centos7.0.xml > /etc/libvirt/qemu/node1.xml [root@room images]#virsh define /etc/libvirt/qemu/node1.xml //Define domain node1 (from / etc/libvirt/qemu/node1.xml)
3. Start the virtual machine
[root@room images]#virsh start node1 Domain node1 started
4. Connect to view virtual machine
[root@room images]# virsh console node1