| paste -d"#" | Merges files horizontally, with a '?' as the separator |
| cut -d '%' -f2,3-5 | Take the second column and three to five columns with the% separator |
| cat f1 f2 | Merge files vertically |
| tac f1 f2 | It's the opposite of cat |
| tr -s " " "%" | Space compressed to% |
| tr -s " " | Compress spaces only |
[root@nginx ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 10.186.39.193 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.186.255.255
ether 52:54:00:33:78:f8 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 8942034 bytes 5666332700 (5.2 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 7219762 bytes 1850180335 (1.7 GiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@nginx ~]# ifconfig eth0 |head -n2 |tail -n1
inet 10.186.39.193 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.186.255.255
[root@nginx ~]# ifconfig eth0 |head -n2 |tail -n1 |tr -s ' ' | cut -d ' ' -f3
10.186.39.193
Sort default sort
-Tmake separa t or
-u de reorder
-n order (from small to large)
-r is opposite to - n
-R random order (generate random number, such as lottery)
-k specify which column
[root@nginx ~]# echo {1..50} | tr -s " " "\n" |sort -R |head -n1 #Generate random number
12
[root@nginx ~]# echo {1..50} | tr -s " " "\n" |sort -R |head -n1
46
[root@nginx ~]# cat /var/log/nginx/access.log | cut -d' ' -f1 | sort -u -n #Sort and de duplicate
1.202.69.104
5.8.54.27
23.254.203.250
36.152.17.61
37.59.57.78
43.226.144.199
52.222.3.206
52.77.223.212
uniq
-c shows the number of repetitions
-d show only duplicate lines
-u only show lines that have not been repeated
[root@nginx ~]# cat /var/log/nginx/access.log | cut -d " " -f1 |uniq -c |sort -nr |head -n10 #Top 10 IP rankings for a website visit
400 119.29.143.122
252 43.226.144.199
13 222.128.2.100
13 1.202.69.104
12 82.223.29.247
12 37.59.57.78
12 188.40.127.8
12 120.55.164.49
10 52.222.3.206
4 59.110.237.76
[root@nginx ~]# sort -t " " -k1 /var/log/nginx/access.log | cut -d " " -f1 |uniq -c |sort -nr |head -n10 #It's also the top ten IP sorting for access
[root@nginx ~]# sort -t " " -k1 /var/log/nginx/access.log | cut -d " " -f1 |uniq -c |sort -nr |head -n10 |tr -s " " |cut -d " " -f3 #Number of times before removal
119.29.143.122
43.226.144.199
222.128.2.100
1.202.69.104
82.223.29.247
52.222.3.206
37.59.57.78
188.40.127.8
120.55.164.49
59.110.237.76
[root@nginx ~]# cat f2
aa
bb
deklfmef
ferf
er
[root@nginx ~]# cat f1
aa
bb
ddddd
cc
ggg
[root@nginx ~]# cat f1 f2 | sort |uniq -d #Find the same line in two files
aa
bb