This article is written in CentOS 7. Ensure that SELinux is closed, firewalls are closed, or specified ports are prevented from being opened. Detailed information is as follows
#master [root@promote ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) [root@promote ~]# [root@promote ~]# ifconfig ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.216.135 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.216.255 inet6 fe80::ccc2:d1b:1fc4:8ce2 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:7e:c3:24 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 913 bytes 70384 (68.7 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 438 bytes 47706 (46.5 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 78 bytes 3900 (3.8 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 78 bytes 3900 (3.8 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 #slave [root@promote ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) [root@promote ~]# [root@promote ~]# ifconfig ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.216.136 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.216.255 inet6 fe80::9a13:471b:dee2:4e27 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> inet6 fe80::ccc2:d1b:1fc4:8ce2 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> inet6 fe80::c354:a1e1:869f:7ae1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:36:5d:96 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 66317 bytes 89492193 (85.3 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 22069 bytes 1979972 (1.8 MiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 [root@promote ~]#
To ensure that the test goes smoothly, close SELinux.
The following will demonstrate that the master-slave server installs MariaDB Server, starts the database, and adds boot boot.
#Installation software [root@promote ~]# yum install mariadb mariadb-devel mariadb-server -y #Startup service [root@promote ~]# systemctl start mariadb //View Service Running Status [root@promote ~]# systemctl status mariadb ● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since One 2019-03-25 22:08:41 CST; 4s ago Process: 7647 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mariadb-wait-ready $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 7616 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir %n (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 7646 (mysqld_safe) CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service ├─7646 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr └─7808 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log --p... 3 Month 2522:08:38 promote.cache-dns.local systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB database server... 3 Month 2522:08:38 promote.cache-dns.local mariadb-prepare-db-dir[7616]: Database MariaDB is probably initialized in /var/lib/mysql already, nothing is done. 3 Month 2522:08:38 promote.cache-dns.local mysqld_safe[7646]: 190325 22:08:38 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'. 3 Month 2522:08:38 promote.cache-dns.local mysqld_safe[7646]: 190325 22:08:38 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 3 Month 2522:08:41 promote.cache-dns.local systemd[1]: Started MariaDB database server. #StartUp Actions Manager [root@promote ~]# systemctl enable mariadb Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service. [root@promote ~]#
Modify master configuration file. Vim/etc/my.cnf. server_id=1 (not identical). After the master and slave server modify the configuration file and save it, restart the database service.
//Configuration file additions //server_id cannot be the same server_id=1 //[Must] Server unique ID, default is 1, generally take the last IP segment log-bin=mysql-bin //[Must] Enable binary logging #master configuration file [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd server_id=1 log-bin=mysql-bin [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid # # include all files from the config directory # !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d #slave configuration file [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd server_id=10 log-bin=mysql-bin [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid # # include all files from the config directory # !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
The master server executes the following commands.
#Log in to the database [root@promote ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 222 Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. #Allow root user to log in at will MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) #View master status MariaDB [(none)]> MariaDB [(none)]> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 387 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
The slave server executes commands and views status.
#Log on to slave server [root@promote ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 2 Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. #Configure master information to see master_log_file and master_log_pos above #master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=387; MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.216.135',master_user='root',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=387; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> slave start; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) #Partial Option Annotations MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master #IO connection thread status Master_Host: 192.168.216.135 #master server address Master_User: root #master user name Master_Port: 3306 #Listen for master port information Connect_Retry: 60 #Connection Failure Retry Connection Time Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 #master server binary log file name Read_Master_Log_Pos: 387 #master Position id Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000001 #slave reads and executes the relay file location Relay_Log_Pos: 4 #slave reads and executes the relay file location Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 # Slave_IO_Running: Connecting #Does the IO thread connect to the master server status [Important Options] Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #Startup of SQL Threads [Important Options] Replicate_Do_DB: #Synchronized database name Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 387 Relay_Log_Space: 245 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 2003 Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'root@192.168.216.135:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 86400 message: Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.168.216.135' (113) Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 0 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
Check that Slave_IO_Running and Slave_SQL_Running are both Yes.
Query server_id results.
#master server_id MariaDB [db]> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'server_id'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | server_id | 1 | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [db]> #slave server_id MariaDB [db]> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'server_id'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | server_id | 10 | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) MariaDB [db]>
The master creates a simple database and tables, inserts several pieces of data, and the slave server queries the database and tables.
#master database operation [root@promote ~]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 3 Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000003 | 245 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'server_id'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | server_id | 1 | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> create database db; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use db Database changed MariaDB [db]> create table test(id int,name text); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [db]> insert into test values(1,"bill"),(2,"tom"); Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec) Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 MariaDB [db]> #slave database operation [root@promote ~]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 4 Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.216.135',master_user='root',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=245; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.216.135 Master_User: root Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 245 Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 529 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 245 Relay_Log_Space: 825 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | db | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use db Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [db]> show tables; +--------------+ | Tables_in_db | +--------------+ | test | +--------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [db]> select * from test; +------+------+ | id | name | +------+------+ | 1 | bill | | 2 | tom | +------+------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [db]>
Find mariadb software installation in addition.
[root@promote ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 mariadb-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 mariadb-server-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 mariadb-devel-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64