CentOS configures local yum source/Aliyum source/163 yuan source and configures the priority of yum source

Keywords: yum CentOS vim Attribute

https://blog.csdn.net/kangvcar/article/details/73477730

1. Building Local yum Source with Centos Mirror

Since the default Yum source after installing CentOS is the official address of centos, it is used slowly or even inaccessible in China, so the general practice is to replace the default Yum source with the yum source of aliyun or the yum source of 163 countries (how to configure it is described below).  
But the above methods all need the network, when there is no network can not be used, so there is a common method is to use the iso image of Centos to build a local yum source, so that the installation of software will be fast, the shortcoming is that there may be no packages.

1. The default yum source after installing Centos is as follows

[root@kangvcar ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  649 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  290 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  630 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1952 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Vault.repo
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2. Back up the default yum source (optional)

[root@kangvcar ~]# mkdir /opt/centos-yum.bak
[root@kangvcar ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /opt/centos-yum.bak/
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3. Mount the CentOS image file on the virtual machine

[root@kangvcar ~]# mount -t iso9660 /dev/sr0 /opt/centos
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
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4. Write repo files and point to the mount directory of the mirror

[root@kangvcar ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo  
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///opt/centos
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
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5. Clear the cache

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: local
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum makecache // cache yum source locally to speed up the search and installation of software
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list // lists 3780 packages
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2. Modify the default entOS Yum source to the domestic aliyun yum source

Aliyun Official Course: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/help/centos

1. The default yum source after installing Centos is as follows

[root@kangvcar ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  649 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  290 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  630 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1952 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Vault.repo
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2. Back up the default yum source (optional)

[root@kangvcar ~]# mkdir /opt/centos-yum.bak
[root@kangvcar ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /opt/centos-yum.bak/
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3. Download the aliyun yum source repo file (download corresponding to your own version of the system)

#Download operations corresponding to repo files of different system versions
CentOS 5
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo
CentOS 6
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
CentOS 7
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
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[root@kangvcar ~]# Cat/etc/redhat-release//View the version of the system
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
[root@kangvcar ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
--2017-06-20 06:43:08--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 112.124.140.210, 115.28.122.210
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|112.124.140.210|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2573 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: '/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo'
100%[=======================================================================================================>] 2,573       --.-K/s   in 0s      
2017-06-20 06:43:08 (118 MB/s) - '/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo' saved [2573/2573]
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4. Clear the cache

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum makecache // cache yum source locally to speed up the search and installation of software
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list // lists a total of 9954 packages
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3. Modify the default entOS Yum source to 163 domestic sources

163 Official Courses: http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html

1. The default yum source after installing Centos is as follows

[root@kangvcar ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  649 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  290 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  630 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1952 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Vault.repo
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2. Back up the default yum source (optional)

[root@kangvcar ~]# mkdir /opt/centos-yum.bak
[root@kangvcar ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /opt/centos-yum.bak/
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3. Download 163 yum source repo file

#Download operations corresponding to repo files of different system versions
CentOS 5
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS5-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo
CentOS 6
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS6-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
CentOS 7
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
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[root@kangvcar ~]# Cat/etc/redhat-release//View the version of the system
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
[root@kangvcar ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
--2017-06-20 06:29:47--  http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
Resolving mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)... 123.58.173.185, 123.58.173.186
Connecting to mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)|123.58.173.185|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1572 (1.5K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: '/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo'
100%[=======================================================================================================>] 1,572       --.-K/s   in 0s      
2017-06-20 06:29:47 (293 MB/s) - '/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo' saved [1572/1572]
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4. Clear the cache

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum makecache // cache yum source locally to speed up the search and installation of software
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list // lists a total of 9951 packages
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IV. Modifying the Priority of yum Sources

ps: When there are both local Yum source and 163 source, we certainly hope to install the package with local Yum source first, and then use 163 source to install the software when the available package can not be found locally. This involves the priority problem, which can be solved by yum-plugin-priorities.noarch, a plug-in provided by yum.

1. Check whether the system has priority plug-ins installed

[root@kangvcar ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum-plugin-
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch        
//Here you see that yum-plugin-priorities is not installed.noarchThis plugin
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum search yum-plugin-priorities        
//Use search to see if this plug-in is available
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
====================================================== N/S matched: yum-plugin-priorities =======================================================
yum-plugin-priorities.noarch : plugin to give priorities to packages from different repos
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2. Install the yum-plugin-priorities.noarch plug-in

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum -y install yum-plugin-priorities.noarch
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3. Check whether the plug-in is enabled

[root@kangvcar ~]# cat /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/priorities.conf
[main]
enabled = 1
//1 is enabled; 0 is disabled
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4. Modify local yum sources for priority use

[root@kangvcar ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2573 May 15  2015 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   67 Jun 20 06:04 local.repo
//There are two repo files
[root@kangvcar ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///opt/centos
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
//Add priority=1 on the original basis; the smaller the number, the higher the priority.
//You can continue to modify the priority values of other sources. After testing, configuring the priority of local sources as priority=1 will give priority to local sources.
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5. test

Before configuring priority: (using Ali yum source)
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum -y install vim
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================
Package                            Arch                         Version                                     Repository                     Size
=================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
vim-enhanced                       x86_64                       2:7.4.160-1.el7_3.1                         updates                       1.0 M
Updating for dependencies:
vim-common                         x86_64                       2:7.4.160-1.el7_3.1                         updates                       5.9 M
 Ellipsis.
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After configuring the priority:(Use local yum source)
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum -y install vim
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================
Package                                     Arch                        Version                                Repository                  Size
=================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
vim-enhanced                                x86_64                      2:7.4.160-1.el7                        local                      1.0 M
Installing for dependencies:
gpm-libs                                    x86_64                      1.20.7-5.el7                           local                       32 k
perl                                        x86_64                      4:5.16.3-286.el7                       local                      8.0 M
perl-Carp                                   noarch                      1.26-244.el7                           local                       19 k
perl-Encode                                 x86_64                      2.51-7.el7                             local                      1.5 M
perl-Exporter                               noarch                      5.68-3.el7                             local                       28 k
perl-File-Path                              noarch                      2.09-2.el7                             local                       26 k
perl-File-Temp                              noarch                      0.23.01-3.el7                          local                       56 k
//Ellipsis.
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Copyright Statement: This article is the original article of the blogger, reproduced to indicate the source. Welcome comments, technical exchanges, personal email kangvcar@126.com https://blog.csdn.net/kangvcar/article/details/73477730

Posted by luxe on Tue, 18 Dec 2018 13:57:04 -0800

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